zahed faraji; S. Mahdi Hosseini; naser shirbagi
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and the widespread adoption of online education have highlighted the importance of educational supervision. During this time, educational supervisors have played a crucial role in enhancing the quality of education and promoting professional development for teachers. Recognizing ...
Read More
The COVID-19 pandemic and the widespread adoption of online education have highlighted the importance of educational supervision. During this time, educational supervisors have played a crucial role in enhancing the quality of education and promoting professional development for teachers. Recognizing the significance of supervision in online education, this qualitative study, employing a phenomenological approach, explores the experiences of educational supervision during the era of online education. The participants of this study were educational supervisors, instructional leaders, school principals, and assistant principals in the Kurdistan province of Iran who were involved in online educational supervision during the 2020-2021 academic year. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews using a purposive sampling method until theoretical saturation was reached. Data analysis and theme extraction were conducted using the Attride-Sterling (2001) method and MAXQDA software version 2020. The three overarching themes of the research were: 1) the enhancement of educational supervision, 2) the modernization of educational supervision, and 3) the professional development of educational supervisors. The findings of the study demonstrate that at the outset of online education, supervisors faced confusion and challenges in supervising virtual classes. They applied the supervisory structures of face-to-face classes to monitor online instruction and sometimes neglected the supervision process. Over time, supervisors gradually adapted to this new form of supervision and adopted new strategies for it. Supervisors recognized their new role in the supervision and education process during this time. Additionally, virtual supervision can contribute to the professional development of teachers and supervisors in the post-COVID-19 era.
Seyedeh pardis Hashemi; Naser Shirbagi
Abstract
This qualitative research aims to apply the Grounded theory to developing an effective leadership model for unqualified teachers in elementary schools, which is associated with the discovery of school community members’ experiences about their interaction with those teachers, employing and explaining ...
Read More
This qualitative research aims to apply the Grounded theory to developing an effective leadership model for unqualified teachers in elementary schools, which is associated with the discovery of school community members’ experiences about their interaction with those teachers, employing and explaining the behavior of incompetent teachers. Data were analyzed with purposeful sampling and the Grounded theory strategy systematically through interviews with 46 participants who were members of the school community of Sanandaj city, collected during 5 months in three stages of theoretical coding. 211 open codes, 60 axial, and 17 selective codes were acquired and the final model was extracted with MAXQDA 2020. Based on the contributors' ideas, the livelihood and cultural issues of teachers and the politicization of education are the existing fields of recruiting unqualified teachers, defects in the recruitment process and defective bureaucracy in the education system are the reasons for incompetent teachers hiring, supporting professional development, promote teachers job satisfaction and the implementation of punitive measures are the solutions to interact with these teachers and the triple managerial skills have been mentioned as effective factors involved in their leadership. Demonstrating a systematic process of results with a final model is the innovation of this research. Based on the results, very few of these teachers changed and the academic performance has been achieved; But many of these teachers are not transformed and neglect the psychosocial aspects of students, weakness in establishing human relations, unprofessionalism and an undesirable educational restitution are their characteristics.
