Mohammad Ghafari Mejlej
Abstract
Selection and implementation of formative evaluation as one of the alternative methods of traditional evaluation, despite its advantages and attractiveness, has faced many difficulties and challenges. The current survey research, with a quantitative approach, examines the individual and contextual factors ...
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Selection and implementation of formative evaluation as one of the alternative methods of traditional evaluation, despite its advantages and attractiveness, has faced many difficulties and challenges. The current survey research, with a quantitative approach, examines the individual and contextual factors that affect teachers' performance in this regard. For this purpose, a statistical sample of 592 participants was selected from among the primary and secondary teachers in West Mazandaran through random cluster sampling. They answered a questionnaires measuring teachers' performance in formative evaluation. The data were analyzed using factor analysis and structural equation modeling. As a result, while confirming the validity and reliability of the questionnaires, it was found that teachers' self-efficacy, the population of teachers working in the school, and the school's support for teachers have the greatest impact on the implementation of formative evaluation. Also, middle school teachers showed more interest in this method of evaluation. In addition, teaching experience and tendency to formative evaluation had a reverse relationship. The results showed that factors such as students' characteristics and the subject of the course do not have a significant effect on teachers' willingness and performance in formative evaluation. Finally, suggestions are provided regarding significance of practical techniques and a supportive environment to encourage using formative evaluation.
HASAN AHMADI; adel zahed babaelan; seyyed mohammad seyyed kalan
Abstract
The aim of the current research was to identify causes of organizational silence among the staff of the University of Mohaghegh Ardabil. To achieve the aim, case study was used which first qualitative phase was conducted and after that quantitative data was collected and analyzed. The research population ...
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The aim of the current research was to identify causes of organizational silence among the staff of the University of Mohaghegh Ardabil. To achieve the aim, case study was used which first qualitative phase was conducted and after that quantitative data was collected and analyzed. The research population was 354 faculty members of mohaghegh university which 11 members of them were studied through cluster sampling in the qualitative phase and 153 members of them were selected via cluster sampling method. to collect qualitative data, unstructured interview was conducted which validated based on triangulation and participant feedback. On the other hand, the tool for quantitative phase was researcher- designed questionnaire which reliability was 0/92. Inductive content analysis through open coding was applied for analyzing qualitative data and software pls were used for quantitative data. The results showed that that organizational factors such as organizational structure, culture and negative reaction on the part of management and leadership styles and personal factors such as fear of job loss, type of personality, and lack of employee commitment are the reasons that lead to silence people in organizations . Findings also showed the negative reaction from staff managers have the greatest impact on organizational silence.
